July 16, 2012 visible part – optic disc (papillitis of the optic nerve) or the part of the nerve behind the eyeball (retrobulbar neuritis). Symptoms: Symptoms of optic neuritis are loss of vision in the affected eye, eye pain at movement, central scotoma, and afferent pupillary defect. Afferent pupillary defect or Marcus-Gunn pupillary reaction is an abnormal […]
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July 16, 2012 Orbital pseudo-tumor is a common name for idiopathic inflammatory processes in the orbit: myositis, vasculitis, pseudolimfoma and granulomatous inflammation. Symptoms: Unlike thyroid ophthalmopathy, proptosis is usually unilateral. Besides proptosis, appear limited mobility of the eyeball, vision problems, and sometimes pain. For the correct diagnosis biopsy is needed sometimes. Treatment: Steroids are given systemically. […]
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July 16, 2012 Results of the direct orbit infection are cellulitis, creation of orbital abscess, phlegmonosus inflammation of orbital fat tissue with gradual development of endophlebitis and periphlebitis. Causes: Inflammations of the orbit may occur due to: the spread of infection from the paranasal sinuses, teeth, lachrymal bags, nose, ears …; direct orbital infection after penetrating injuries. Specific […]
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July 16, 2012 Dacryoadenitis (lat. dacryoadenitis) is the inflammation of lachrymal glands. Causes: Acute dacryoadenitis (dakrioadenitis acuta) is mostly caused by viral or bacterial infections. Common causes include mumps, Epstein-Barr virus, and staphylococci and gonococci bacteria. Chronic dacryoadenitis (dakrioadenitis cronica) is mostly a result of non-infective inflammatory disorders, such as sarcoidosis, dysthyroid orbitopathy and pseudo-tumor of the […]
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July 16, 2012 Dacryocystitis is the inflammation of the nasolachrymal system, which occurs at children as blenorrhea neonatorum. Causes: Chronic dacryocystitis occurs at nasolachrymal system obstruction, when the bacteria in the nasolachrymal sac stagnate, which cause mucopurulent infection. Causes are: streptococcus, staphylococcus, pneumococcus. Symptoms: Epiphora, which is worsen by the wind, accumulation of pus in the inner corner […]
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July 16, 2012 Common in all patients with weakened immune systems (due to chemotherapy, immuno-suppression after organ transplantation, AIDS). It occurs in about 40% of patients with AIDS, it is mostly mutual. In half the cases causes the retinal ablation. Symptoms: Symptoms depend on the location of the inflammation. When the macula or the optic nerve is affected, […]
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July 16, 2012 It is the inflammation of the retina caused by the protozoan Toxoplasma gondii. Types: It can be congenital or acquired. Congenital toxoplasmosis is characterized by three Ks: calcifications in the brain, convulsions, and chorioretinitis. When it comes to congenital toxoplasmosis the pregnant women, infected by contact with cat or eating raw meat, transfers the infection […]
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July 16, 2012 It is an inflammatory disease of one eye (“sympathized eye”) caused by sensitization of the eye to antigens released from the other eye (“sympathetic eye”) after perforate injury, operation or inflammation. It occurs usually 2-12 weeks after the injury or illness, and it can occur even after many years. It is manifested in symptoms of […]
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July 16, 2012 The rear part of the uvea, chorioidea, is strongly related to the retina; so, inflammatory changes within one structure almost always pass on to the other. Therefore, in practice are often equally used synonymous terms of the posterior uveitis: chorioiditis and chorioretinitis. Inflammation of all parts of the uvea (iris + cillliary body + choroid) […]
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July 16, 2012 The inflammatory process is not diffuse but it is placed on some parts of the iris. The creation of giant cells and mononuclears is characteristic. Types: Iridocyclitis tuberculosa In early youth there can occur metastasis of tuberculosis bacilli from the primary focus into the area of the iris and radiatory body, which leads to creation […]
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